Drug interactions in urology in patients with hypertensionDrug interactions

PharmDr. Helena Šťastná Koblihová, Mgr. Jana Gallusová, PharmDr. Dalibor Černý, Ph.D., PharmDr. Milada Halačová, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):151-155 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.060  

Drugs commonly used in urological daily practice have a high potential for pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic drug interactions. In patients treated for hypertension, the choice of molecule must be carefully considered within the individual indications in order to minimize adverse effects (hypertension or postural hypotension). Similarly, in patients treated for lower urinary tract symptoms, choose antihypertensives that will not primarily lead to worsening of their symptoms. The article summarizes clinically significant drug interactions between antihypertensives and drugs used to treat overactive bladder, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and antiandrogen...

Acute pain managementAt a glance

MUDr. Soňa Křivonosková, MUDr. Aneta Rozsypalová

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):146-150 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.059  

Pain is a common symptom not only in urology, and its adequate management is essential for patient's comfort and quality of life. A wide range of analgesics with different mechanisms of action and indications is available in the Czech Republic. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of patients still experience insufficiently controlled pain. Many young physicians feel inadequately informed and trained in pain management. Early and appropriate analgesia is crucial not only for patients but also for optimizing healthcare costs. This article focuses on pharmacotherapy of acute pain mainly in out-patient practice. We will describe in detail the individual...

Acute situations in urology from the point of view of clinical microbiologistGood advice from practice

MUDr. Václava Adámková, Ph.D., MUDr. Jan Závora

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):139-145 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.058  

The presented text summarizes the issue of upper urinary tract infections, especially from the perspective of a clinical microbiologist. The basic principles of diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections with regard to the current epidemiological situation are presented. Recommendations for antibiotic treatment reflect current European and Czech guidelines.

Oncourological aspects of medical care of transgender populationFrom the boundary of urology

doc. MUDr. Radka Lohynská, Ph.D., MUDr. Zdeňka Pechačová, MUDr. Michaela Matoušková, MUDr. Marcela Fontana, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):136-138 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.057  

In oncourological care, it is crucial to address not only aspects affecting diagnosis and treatment but also to focus on oncological screening in the transgender population. The occurrence of cancerous diseases presents a different spectrum and frequency of tumors. Oncological treatment depends not only on the type and advancement of the tumor but also on respecting the patient's wishes.

Hybrid imaging methods in diagnostics of prostatic carcinomaFrom the boundary of urology

prof. MUDr. Jiří Ferda, Ph.D., MUDr. Eva Ferdová

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):130-135 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.056  

Imaging of the prostate tumour´s own tissue is using standard tumour imaging approaches remains difficult, the imaging using contrast enhanced computed tomography and also the hybrid imaging using PET/CT with the application of the ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose is insufficient. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful in detection of prostate cancer in patients with elevated prostatic specific antigen (PSA) and/or with increased prostate health index (PHI). Currently, it is possible to use combination of radiological and nuclear medicine methods - hybrid positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) or with magnetic resonance...

Urinary incontinence in the elderlyReview articles

MUDr. Miroslava Ryšánková

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):121-129 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.053  

Urinary incontinence is any involuntary leakage of urine. It affects all age groups, predominantly the elderly. Autor has set out to map urinary incontinence in the senior population and outline the possibilities of its diagnostics and treatment.

Current treatment options for lower urinary tract infectionsReview articles

MUDr. Aleš Čermák, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):114-120 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.054  

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) and upper respiratory tract infections are two of the most common infectious diseases in the population. UTIs are among the most common issues addressed by the general practitioner, urologist and gynaecologist in collaboration with a microbiologist. Cystitis is the most frequent type. Treatment of the infection itself is usually not challenging and warrants the use of antimicrobial drugs. Of major importance is the knowledge of suspected causative agents and commencement of appropriate treatment. When deciding on the method of treatment, a rational evaluation of all the results is required. The basic consideration should...

Metabolic risk factors or renal cell carcinomaReview articles

doc. MUDr. Michal Fedorko, Ph.D., FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(3):110-113 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.055  

Renal cell carcinoma is common in developed countries in Europe and North America. These regions are characterized by high income and the so-called "western" lifestyle which is associated with the occurrence of metabolic syndrome and its components. These have an impact not only on cardiovascular disease and diabetes, but also on the development of malignant tumours. Obesity and hypertension are typical risk factors for renal cell carcinoma. This review describes the relationship between known metabolic risk factors and renal cancer carcinogenesis, while also discussing possible preventive strategies to improve metabolic dysfunction and thus reduce...

Spomienka na prof. MUDr. Vladimíra Zvaru, DrSc.Memory

Prof. MUDr. Dalibor Ondruš, DrSc.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(2):95-98  

Ureteral orifice obstruction by tumour as a cause of renal colic with renal pelvis ruptureCase report

MUDr. Kateřina Michnová

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(2):93-94 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.037  

Renal colic is one of the most common causes of urgent urological evaluation. The differential diagnosis is broad, with the urological causes of renal colic including extramural or intramural ureteral obstruction, most often by a calculus. The present case report describes one of the rarer cases of ureteral obstruction by a bladder tumour involving the ureteral orifice, which causes congestion in the hollow system, resulting in a rupture of the renal pelvis.

A psychiatric patient in a urologist's officeGood advice from practice

MUDr. Jiří Poněšický

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(2):88-92 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.036  

Psychiatric diseases are very common in the population, which is why even a urologist regularly encounters them in his office. Psychiatric diseases can have urological symptoms and some psychotropic drugs can cause urological symptoms. Urological disease can have an impact on mental health. Urological medications can affect psychiatric illness. Psychiatric and urological issues can overlap. Some psychiatric patients may be more difficult to communicate with.

Acute and chronic renal failureFrom the boundary of urology

doc. MUDr. Nadežda Petejová, Ph.D., MSc., prof. MUDr. Josef Zadražil, CSc., doc. MUDr. Arnošt Martínek, CSc.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(2):77-87 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.035  

Kidney injury and failure is generally a serious condition in clinical medicine, occurring in almost all fields, including urology. A relatively crucial step in adequate preventive and therapeutic management is early differentiation between acute and chronic renal failure. Each of them requires a different approach but also shares many common features. The present manuscript provides a brief overview of differential diagnostics between the two conditions and basic principles of treatment.

Nephrology patient in urology careReview articles

doc. MUDr. Jaroslav Pacovský, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(2):72-76 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.034  

Patient with kidney disease differs from other patients in many aspects. In general, these differences need to be known and used in routine clinical practice. Moreover, the urologist can help these patients in diagnostics and management of urological cause of the disease. Last but not least, the urologist is involved in the preparation of kidney transplantation process if the disease leads to the stage of renal failure.

Urological complications in patients with multiple sclerosisReview articles

MUDr. Lucie Sedláčková

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(2):68-71 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.033  

In patients with multiple sclerosis the neurological deficit is manifested by a wide spectrum of clinical symptoms, including voiding dysfunction. Urinary tract infections worsen patients´ quality of life and can significantly affect the course of the disease. This article presents an overview of current treatment options of urinary tract dysfunctions. Moreover, treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections and the area of sexual dysfunctions are also mentioned.

Urinary tract infection in patients with intermittent catheterizationReview articles

MUDr. Roman Sobotka, FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(2):61-67 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.032  

The Clean Intermittent Catheterization (CIC) is the technique of inserting a catheter several times a day by patient himself and emptying of the bladder in cases where the patient does not urinate or urinates with a significant postvoiding residual volume. CIC replaces the permanent insertion of a urinary catheter or epicystostomy and reduces the rate of complications related to a long-term insertion of a catheter, especially the frequency of urinary tract infections, and improves patient's self-care and independance and quality of life without limiting sexual life and sports activities. The most common complication when performing CIC is the occurrence...

Také běžím pomaluEditorial

Pavel Frühauf

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(2):59  

Rozhádané sestry a medicínaEditorial

MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):3  

Post-qualification education of nurses in urologyFor nurses

Bc. et Bc. Pavlína Potúčková, Mgr. Bc. Hana Novotná

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):53-54 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.020  

In the Czech Republic, nurses have limited access to post-qualification training in urology compared to some foreign countries. These countries allow nurses to provide extensive care, including prescribing medications, which is not common in the Czech Republic. Studies highlight that expanding nurses' competencies in urology results in improved clinical outcomes and more efficient service delivery. However, barriers include inconsistency in the nurse role designation and the absence of a regulatory body in the Czech Republic. Support from the health care team and professional organizations is critical to the success of the development of this field.

Rare finding of primary adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladderCase report

MUDr. Marko Ptašinský, MUDr. Tomáš Ostárek, FEBU, MUDr. Rostislav Kuldan, MUDr. Tomáš Blažek

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):49-51 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.019  

Bladder adenocarcinoma is a rare histological finding. It occurs either as primary bladder adenocarcinoma, or as a secondary. In the case of secondary occurrence, adenocarcinoma of intestine, prostate, lungs and breast is the most common source. We describe a case of patient with primary adenocarcinoma of bladder.

A rare case of high-flow priapismCase report

MUDr. Veronika Lounová, MUDr. Igor Hartmann, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Aleš Vidlář, Ph.D., FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):46-48 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.018  

High-flow priapism, also referred as non-ischemic or arterial priapism, accounts for only about 5% of all priapism cases. Its most common cause is a blunt perineal or penile trauma. The trauma results in laceration of cavernous artery or its branches, leading to the formation of a fistula between artery and lacunar spaces of cavernosal bodies. Increased blood flow results in persistent erection. This type of priapism can also be treated conservatively, but optimal time interval for initiating active interventional treatment remains a subject of discussions.

Prescribing spa treatment by urologists: related legislation and practical modalitiesGood advice from practice

MUDr. Kamil Belej, Ph.D., FEBU, MBA

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):42-45 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.017  

Spa treatment has been with mankind for several millennia. At present, it is a separate branch of health care services, and even though it often cannot cure a particular disease, its beneficial effect on one's general health is very important and, in many aspects, irreplaceable. In urology, it is indicated in association with recovery after surgical procedures, as adjunctive treatment in patients with urolithiasis and inflammatory conditions, and as supportive treatment in cancer patients. In the Czech Republic, it is always at least partially reimbursed by health insurance after approval by the respective physician reviewer. In order for it to be...

Drug interactions of drugs used in urinary tract infections and dietary supplementsAt a glance

MUDr. Miroslava Ryšánková, MUDr. Marie Hurtová

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):38-41 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.016  

Urinary tract infections are very common. It is usually an acute infection that most urological patients encounter at least once in their lifetime. Treatment of an acute episode is usually not difficult. Problem arises in case of recurrent inflammations that are not exception in urological practice. Their treatment is long-term, combining regimen measures with the use of dietary supplements, usually on herbal basis. It is supplemented with immunoprophylaxis or chemoprophylaxis. With these combinations possible drug interactions and contraindications need to be considered.

Management of treatment-related adverse effects in renal cell carcinomaFrom the boundary of urology

MUDr. Martin Matějů, Ph.D., MUDr. Michal Zubaľ

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):32-37 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.015  

The paradigm of treatment of metastatic clear cell renal carcinoma (mccRCC) has repeatedly undergone significant changes in recent decades - from treatment with cytokines, interleukin-2 and interferon-α to therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors to combined regimens based on immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). The combinations of ICI+ICI or ICI+TKIs have been fully established in the first line of therapy of mRCC in the past decade, based on large phase III studies using sunitinib as a comparator. These include CheckMate214 (ipilimumab plus nivolumab), KEYNOTE 426 (pembrolizumab plus axitinib),...

Nitrofurantoin in the treatment and prevention of urinary tract infections in adults and adolescentsReview articles

MUDr. Michaela Matoušková

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):27-31 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.014  

In the Czech Republic, several dosage forms of medicinal products containing nitrofurantoin have been used. Recently, a specific treatment programme under which nitrofurantoin was supplied to the Czech Republic in the microcrystalline anhydrous form was terminated. Nitrofurantoin is now available in macrocrystalline form. Its primary indication is a first choice in treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (IDMC). It is also used in the prophylaxis of recurrent IDMC. The macrocrystalline form is characterized by better tolerability and bioavailability compared to the microcrystalline form. The recommended dosage given in the Summary...

Current treatment options for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in menReview articles

MUDr. Václav Řepa, MUDr. Ondřej Česák, MUDr. Vladimír Študent ml., Ph.D., FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):22-26 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.013  

Chronic prostatitis/Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a disease that mainly affects younger middle-aged men. CP/CPPS is defined as pelvic pain lasting ≥3 months out of the previous 6 months without a clearly identifiable infectious or other organic cause. For the wide spectrum of symptoms of CP/CPPS, it is often necessary to choose a multimodal treatment approach, where both pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment or a combination of them can be used. Targeting treatment is also complicated as the etiology of CP/CPPS is not yet completely understood. The presented work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge,...

Comination pharmacotherapy of lower urinary tract symptomsReview articles

MUDr. Marcela Fontana, Ph.D., FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):16-21 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.012  

Pharmacotherapy represents an effective treatment for most patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). However, initial monotherapy may not lead to sufficient impact on LUTS and thus improvement in quality of life. We have medications from different drug groups, which can be effectively combined to achieve the best possible treatment effect. This text offers an overview of current pharmacotherapy of LUTS with focus on combination therapy.

NocturiaReview articles

MUDr. Eva Burešová, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):11-15 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.011  

Nocturia is a lower urinary tract symptom that is found to be most annoying for patients. It is most often caused by nocturnal polyuria that can be well diagnosed based on an analysis of the patient's voiding diary. In case lifestyle measures fail to have a sufficient effect, it is treated with desmopressin. This treatment is safe, but in at-risk patients (older than 65 years) it can cause hyponatraemia. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor blood sodium levels both before treatment initiation and during its course.

Urodynamics in patients prior to renal transplantationReview articles

MUDr. Pavel Navrátil, FEBU, MUDr. Ivo Novák, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Jaroslav Pacovský, Ph.D., MUDr. Pavel Navrátil, CSc.

Urol. praxi. 2024;25(1):7-10 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2024.010  

This article focuses on urodynamic evaluation (UDN) as a part of the pre-transplant assessment in a subset of patients preparing for kidney transplantation. In patients with end-stage renal disease, kidney transplantation is a preferred treatment method, offe­ring significant improvement in quality of life and reduction in morbidity and mortality compared to long-term dialysis. Functional evaluation of the urinary tract is an essential component of the pre-transplant examination, and in indicated cases, UDN provides a comprehensive assessment of lower urinary tract function. This work highlights the importance of UDN in identifying and treating pre-existing...

Zaznělo na 25. ročníku Moravského urologického sympozia / 15.–16. 5. 2023 / Hotel SepetnáSupplementum

MUDr. Eva Burešová, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.B)  

Abstrakta: 25. MORAVSKÉ UROLOGICKÉ SYMPOZIUM / 15.–16. 5. 2023Supplementum

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Urol. praxi. 2023;24(Suppl.A)