Když se řekne infekce

MUDr. Hana Roháčová, Ph.D

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3)  

Systemic treatment for bladder cancer

doc. MUDr. Tomáš Büchler, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):102-105 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.027  

Systemic treatment for bladder cancer is indicated in four clinical situations, including neoadjuvant therapy prior to radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, adjuvant chemotherapy after cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer, as a part of bladder sparing protocols in concomitance with radiotherapy, and for treatment of advanced or metastatic disease. Chemotherapy regimens containing cisplatin are the basis of current systemic therapies for bladder cancer.

Chronic pelvic pain syndrome

MUDr. Pavlína Nosková

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):106-110 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.028  

Untreated chronic pelvic pain syndrome is often associated with negative cognitive, behavioral, sexual and emotional consequences. The treatment of this syndrome requires multidisciplinary access with optimal use of pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, invasive methods and physiotherapy resulting from cooperation of urologist, gynecologist, algesiologist, physiotherapist and psychologist. The article discuss treatments recomendations of European Association of Urology.

Systemic radiotherapy for prostate cancer with bone metastases

MUDr. Otakar Čapoun, FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):111-116 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.029  

Castration-resistant prostate cancer is a complex disease, treatment requires a multidisciplinary approach and use of various modalities, ideally in their combination. Symptomatic bone metastases can be also effectively managed by administration of systemic beta emitters (strontium-89 and samarium-153) or localized external beam radiotherapy. Most recently, an alpha emitter radium-223 has been introduced with a positive impact on increased overall survival of patients with bone metastases. Safety profile of radium-223 is very favorable with a minimal risk of serious hematologic complications. Six intravenous injections are administered on...

Papillary renal cell carcinoma - occurrence and parameter

MUDr. Petr Prošvic

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):117-120 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.030  

Malignant tumours of kidney form about 2 percent of the all malignancies. Papillary renal cell carcinoma (PRCC) is discrete group of renal cancers according to WHO 2004 classification. The papillary renal cell carcinomas are divided into two subtypes, type 1 and type 2. Both types differ from each other in histology, genetics, their behaviour and prognosis. There are hereditary forms of the papillary renal cell carcinomas except for sporadic forms of the PRCCs. Study of the hereditary forms contributes to discovery of new targeted therapy. Current targeted therapy is significantly less effective in patients with papillary renal cell carcinoma in comparison...

Urinary tract infection in pregnancy

MUDr. Marta Nováčková, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):121-123 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.031  

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common complication of pregnancy. UTI during pregnancy may be classified as asymptomatic bacteriuria, infections of the lower urinary tract (cystitis), or infections of the upper urinary tract (pyelonephritis). Approximately 30–40 % of women with asymptomatic bacteriuria will develop pyelonephritis during pregnancy, which may lead to significant adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Therefore, it is necessary to perform screening for bacteriuria in pregnant women and, when the test is pozitive, to treat this bacteriuria.

Overview of sexually transmitted diseases

MUDr. Zora Poláčková

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):124-128 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.032  

Sexually transmitted diseases (STD) are comprised of a wide range of illnesses contracted via sexual contact. Gonorrhoea, syphilis, ulcus molle, granuloma inguinale and lymphogranuloma venereum are considered „traditional" STDs. Their treatment is regulated by law and must be conducted by a dermatovenereologist. The Acquired Immune Defficiency Syndrome (AIDS) forms a standalone unit in the range. The wider STD definition includes infections of fungal, viral and parasitic nature. It is always necessary to properly examine and diagnose all sexual partners. The treatment should be chosen not only on the basis of clinical imaging; a laboratory...

Mixed tumour of a solitary kidney

MUDr. Tomáš Chmelenský, MUDr. Pavel Hanek, MUDr. Karel Franěk, MUDr. Josef Rejlek, MUDr. Jiří Zvěřina

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):129-130 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.033  

Malignant tumours of the renal parenchyma account for 1%–2% of all malignant tumours in adults. Carcinoma is the most common tumour. Most carcinomas are sporadic, with only about 4% being familial. Mixed tumours are rare and, in the case of their occurrence, one must bear in mind that these can be so-called hereditary carcinomas.

A foreign body in the bladder

MUDr. Kateřina Gocalová, MUDr. Jan Starczewski

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):131-132 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.034  

A foreign body in the urinary tract is not a rare occurrence in the urological practice. We present a case report of a foreign body in the bladder in a male patient.

Influence the extent of spinal cord lesions and selected parameters on the quality of sexual life of patients after spinal trauma

MUDr. Igor Dolan, MUDr. Taťána Šrámková Ph.D., MUDr. Petr Filipenský Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):133-138 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.035  

The incidence of traumatic spinal cord lesions in the Czech Republic is about 200 cases per year. Spinal cord injury belongs among the most devastating injuries both physically and mentally, which may affect the person´s mental fitness. It reduces quality of life significantly. Sexual dysfunction is one of many consequences of spinal trauma. The work focuses on the evaluation of the quality of life of men after spinal cord injury with regard to sexual function. It compares groups of patients with transverse (TLM) and non transverse spinal lesions (nonTLM). We analyzed the influence of age, time since injury, mobility, education, marital status,...

Preoperative safety procedure in the operating theatre

Mgr. Jana Vácová, doc. Ing. Iva Brabcová, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):139-142 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.036  

The preoperative safety procedure is the safety target given by the Ministry of health of the Czech Republic. However, the Ministry itself does not state any information about the procedure length or what exact steps the procedure should consist of. There is no consistent guideline giving exact instructions about who from the operative team is responsible for correct procedure follow up. The goal of this study was to get and compare the preoperative safety procedure information from several chosen hospitals. I used the qualitative method of research and I found out that the safety procedure was often misinterpreted and that the given general information...

LUTS u mužů: komu nabídnout antimuskarinikum v kombinaci s alfablokátorem?

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):143-144  

Komplexní novinky v onkourologii - KNOU 2016

Vlasta Králová

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(3):146