Co dnes trápí ambulantní specialisty?

MUDr. Zorjan Jojko

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2)  

The nature of urogenital fungal infection and its impact on urological practice

MUDr.Jiří Kladenský

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):59-63 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.016  

Unlike dermatologists and gynaecologists who encounter patients with fungal infections (FI) virtually on a daily basis, in urology, given the fact that the vast majority of urinary tract infections are of bacterial origin, this issue is only of marginal interest. The aetiopathogenesis of FI is relatively complex since a number of fungal organisms live saprophytically under normal conditions; however, under certain circumstances, these fungal organisms start to behave parasitically, thus being able to seriously damage health and, not uncommonly, jeopardise the life of the individual affected. This occurs either through a rise in virulence of...

Current position of chemotherapy in treating bladder cancer

MUDr.Jana Katolická, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):64-68 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.017  

Chemotherapy in treating bladder cancer is used in all clinical stages. Its administration is indicated according to the European Association of Urology guidelines in both non-invasive forms (A) and neoadjuvant (1a) and adjuvant (A) in the case of clinical trials and for patients with positive nodes without neoadjuvant therapy (C) administration in invasive tumours. It has a clear role in treating patients with metastatic disease (1b) both for the cisplatin-based first line and for vinflunine in the second line. Immunotherapy brings new treatment options for metastatic urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Inflammation of the external genitalia in children: balanitis, epididymitis, orchitis

MUDr.Oldřich Šmakal, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):69-71 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.018  

Diagnosing and treating balanitis is straightforward. Most balanitides resolve following antiseptic penile baths and local administration of an antibiotic ointment; the need for systemic antibiotics is rare. An inflammatory condition of the epididymis or testis has to be distinguished from other common causes of the acute scrotum: torsion of testicular and epididymal appendages or torsion of the spermatic cord. Antibiotic treatment of epididymitis is indicated in patients with pyuria, those with an established developmental defect of the urinary tract, and in adolescents. Voiding cystourethrography should only be performed when a developmental...

Classification of female urinary incontinence. Classification pelvic organ prolapse

MUDr.Miroslava Ryšánková

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):72-74 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.019  

Classification of urinary incontinence and pelvic organ prolapse is changed over the years and is not completely uniform. Many doctors use different classifications despite the recommendations of international companies. The basis for correct diagnostics is a thorough examination of female patients. A good base for treatment is proper diagnosis.

New medications in andrology

MUDr.Vladimír Kubíček, CSc.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):79-83 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.021  

Recently, new medications for the treatment of the erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation and testosteron replacement therapy have been used in Czech Republic.

Acute renal failure

MUDr.Jaroslav Pacovský, Ph.D., MUDr.Josef Košina, MUDr.Lukáš Holub, MUDr.Petr Hušek, FEBU, doc.MUDr.Miloš Broďák, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):75-78  

Acute renal failure is life-threatening situation associated with severe metabolic pathology rarely presented with uremia. Causes could be pre-renal (insufficient blood supply), renal (renal parenchyma pathology) or post-renal (urinary tract obstruction). Acute situation usually needs acute haemodialysis. It is mandatory to set urinary diversion in case of urinary tract obstruction presence immediately. It is necessary to minimize warm ischemia time during nefron-sparing procedures on renal parenchyma as the acute tubular necrosis prevention.

Seminoma of the testis as an incidental finding after emasculation for penile cancer

MUDr.Martin Kuhn, MUDr.Lumír Domes, MUDr.Michal Plintovič, MUDr.Libor Palička, MUDr.Pavol Vajcík, MUDr.Vladimír Trojek

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):84-86 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.022  

A case report of a noncompliant patient with huge penile cancer. The patient has undergone an emasculation with a histological finding of a squamous cell carcinoma with duplicity of seminoma of the testis. A metastases in a retroperitoneal lymph nodes and lungs were present at time of diagnosis. Patient has started a target chemotherapy.

Bilateral synchronous renal cell carcinoma with a different histological finding

MUDr.Jiří Ladman, MUDr.Leoš Handrejch, MUDr.Libor Šafařík, CSc., MUDr.Pavel Holan, MUDr.Miloš Miniberger

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):87-90 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.023  

A case is reported of a man (born 1949) with a finding of bilateral synchronous renal cell carcinoma who initially underwent resection of left renal carcinoma and, subsequently, nephrectomy of the contralateral kidney for an extensive tumour. Histological examination revealed different types of renal carcinoma.

New extra-anatomic stent Detour, first experience

doc.MUDr.Miloš Broďák, Ph.D., MUDr.Josef Košina, MUDr.Lukáš Holub, MUDr.Petr Hušek, MUDr.Michal Balík, MUDr.Jaroslav Pacovský, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):91-93 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.024  

Extra-anatomic stent is useful alternative of permanent nephrostomy. New type named Detour is a further refinement this method of urine diversion. The authors present the first experience, advantages and the risk associated with its installation. The overall assessment was very positive.

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer with primary origin in the lungs

MUDr.Tomáš Chmelenský, MUDr.Pavel Hanek, MUDr.Karel Franěk, MUDr.Josef Rejlek, MUDr.Jiří Zvěřina

Urol. praxi. 2016;17(2):94-95 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2016.025  

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer with primary origin in the lungs tends to be rare at this site. It is diagnosed histologically. Surgery is combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy in treating this type of tumour. Survival prognosis is poor.