Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(1): 11-21
Varicocele, impairment of the venous efflux from the testis
- Centrum andrologické péče České Budějovice
Dilated and tortuous veins, venous malfunction, impairment venous efflux from the testis and reflux blood in the internal spermatic
veins causes testicular and epididymal malfunction as a result of clinically palpable or non-palpable, subclinical varicocele. Varicocele
is the most common cause of male infertility and testicular atrophy. The presence of varicocele must be detected in all patients with
abnormal semen quality, including azoospermia. Palpation may fail to detect spermatic venous reflux, and digital thermometry
or thermography is the most accurate diagnostic technique, completed by color coded, duplex Doppler and high frequency B mode
ultrasonography. Interruption of reflux by embolisation or surgery must be complete, including right- sided reflux, which results
in improvement of endocrine testicular functions and semen quality in 70–80 % of cases. The spontaneous conception rate after
varicocele treatment is three or fourfold higher than in untreated couples, and is enhanced by a holistic managenent of both female
and male partners.
improvement of endocrine testicular functions and semen quality, natural conception.
Keywords: varicocele, venous efflux, thermometry, Doppler and highfrequency ultrasound examination, bilaterality of the disease, treatment,
Published: March 1, 2010 Show citation
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