Dobré partnerské vztahy a zdravotní stav

MUDr. Radkin Honzák, CSc.

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):51  

Nocturia - differential diagnosis and treatment

MUDr. Roman Sobotka, FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):53-58 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2021.004  

Nocturia has a wide range of causes beyond the urological field. The main causes are polyuria, nocturnal polyuria and disorders of the collection or evacuation function of the bladder. The individual causes must be carefully distinguished from each other with the predominance of non-invasive diagnosis, as the treatment of individual causes of nocturia is diametrically different. If it is not possible to determine exactly the cause of nocturia on the basis of these methods or nocturia does not respond to the specified treatment, it is necessary to proceed to an invasive examination. The treatment of nocturia is based on the diagnosed cause and differs...

Stress urinary incontinence in woman

MUDr. Miroslava Ryšánková

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):59-64 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2021.002  

Urinary incontinence is any involuntary leakage of urine. It occurs in all age, including children. Because the urinary tract develops for up to 12 years, urine leakage is tolerable as physiological until this age. Then it becomes burdensome, mentally, socially and economically. The success of urinary incontinence treatment depends on determining its type. Despite the fact that it is a relatively common problem in urological practice, it is not given enough space and is often downplayed, especially in the elderly.

Conservative therapy of non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions

MUDr. Miroslav Záleský, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):65-69 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2021.006  

Possibilities of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy of lower urinary tract dysfunctions according to individual types are presented. Overactive bladder is well controlled by non-pharmacological therapy, especially electrostimulation methods, yet antimuscarinic therapy dominates. In conservative therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia, pharmacotherapy dominates with the increasing importance of the combination of alpha-blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors in particular. Intermittent catheterization is effective therapy of detrusor underactivity. Conservative therapy of stress incontinence is based on reduction of obesity and pelvic...

Modern trends in prophylaxis of lower urinary tract infections

MUDr. Hana Musilová, MUDr. Roman Staněk

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):70-74 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2021.022  

Urinary tract infections are very frequent diagnose among bacterial infections. Illness mostly affect women than men (20:1). Prophylaxis lower urinary tract infections is provided by antimicrobial or non-antimicrobial ways. Regarding to increased antibiotics resistance of bacterial strains, modern medicine tend to looking for new non-antimictobial ways of prophylaxis of lower urinary tract infections and decrease frequency of using antibiotic therapy.

Robotic surgery in organ transplantation

MUDr. Marek Broul, Ph.D., MBA, FECSM, MUDr. Jan Schraml, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):77-82 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2021.008  

Minimally invasive surgery is currently a standard procedure in many types of operations. Thus, robot-assisted surgery is coming to the forefront which is actually the successor of laparoscopic surgery. Since the da Vinci robotic surgical system was introduced into the practice and proved successful, there has been increased interest in performing organ transplantations using this system. Using a robotic system, both a living-donor organ retrieval surgery and the recipient operation itself can be performed. Currently, the kidney, liver, and pancreas are retrieved and transplanted this way. More than 700 cases of living-donor nephrectomies and 100 successful...

Mamingomyelocele as seen by a urologist

MUDr. Zdeněk Dítě, FEAPU, MUDr. Matúš Bašovský

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):83-87 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2021.018  

Myelomeningocele is one of the forms of spina bifida and described as a sac containing fluid and a neural tissue protruded from the back. It occurs when there is an incomplete closure of the spinal cord during the first month of pregnancy, most frequently in lumbosacral area. Afflicted children can be at high risk of urinary tract complication connected with neurogennic urinary bladder. Renal failure remains one of the most common causes of mortality in patients with spina bifida. Hence, to prevent the occurrence of neurogenic bladder and renal damage, a full urological examination and treatment after birth and continuous long-life urological care...

Small penis

MUDr. Aleš Horák

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):92-96 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2020.055  

Penile augmentation is a dream of many men. However, only few of them actually decide to undergo penis enlargement including surgery. The patient must be acquainted with the possible different ways of enlargement solutions due to his current functional and morphological condition. It is necessary to distinguish the medical indication caused by the micropenis and the aesthetic performance of a normal penis based on the patient's wishes.

Diagnostic algorithms in prostate cancer - 1^st part

MUDr. Otakar Čapoun, Ph.D., FEBU

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):88-91 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2021.007  

In the first part of the article we assess diagnostic procedures in case of suspicion on prostate cancer (PC). We will mention the basic aspects of medical history and physical examination. We will evaluate the role of prostate specific antigen and its derivatives as well as the prostate health index. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging of the prostate with a fusion prostate biopsy is currently the main course in the diagnosis of PC. Separate evaluation of prostate biopsy specimens may direct the indication for active surveillance of patients with low-risk PC.

Progression of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy despite undetectable PSA levels

MUDr. Alexandra Jarošová, MUDr. Vladimír Študent, Ph.D., ml.

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):97-98 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2021.011  

Currently, prostate cancer is the third most common cancer disease in men in the Czech Republic and the second most common tumour found in men worldwide. Its incidence increases annually. Every year, diagnostic and treatment algorithms for prostate cancer are updated which take into account the rate of local tumour progression, its grade of histological differentiation, and the degree of metastatic spread. In the case of prostate cancer, the skeleton alone or the skeleton in combination with metastatic involvement of the iliac and/or para-aortic nodes are the most common sites of distant metastases. So far, only a small number of lung metastases of...

Mature teratoma as a primary retroperitoneal tumor

MUDr. Lucie Vacková, MUDr. Otakar Mareš, MUDr. Hana Koutníková

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):99-100 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2020.038  

We present a case report of a 68-year-old man who was indicated for laparoscopic extirpation of a suspected left kidney cyst. The indication was based on medical imaging examinations. Histopathological examination revealed a rare primary mature cystic teratoma and ruled out renal involvement.

Doc. MUDr. František Záťura, Ph.D., sedmdesátiletý

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Študent, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):101  

Doc. MUDr. Jan Báňa, CSc., slaví devadesátiny

prof. MUDr. Vladimír Študent, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2021;22(2):102