Rakovina – nemoc celé rodiny

Mgr. Radka Alexandrová

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2)  

Comparison of therapy benign prostatic hyperplasia yesterday and today

MUDr. Slavomír Vachata, MUDr. Jiří Špaček, MUDr. Jaroslav Pacovský, Ph.D., doc. MUDr. Miloš Broďák, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):50-53 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2017.013  

The aim of study is evaluation of trends and changes in management of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)/Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) in recent years. The main change is increasing number of patients on pharmacotherapy and declining surgeries for this. The alfa1-lytics are very effective with rapid onset of effect and or very popular among urologist and patients. The 5alfa inhibitors are the second main drugs. There are use very commonly in combination. We evaluated patients treated by pharmacotherapy (n = 4 507) and patients after transurethral resections of prostate (TURP n = 451) and transvesical prostatectomy (TVPE n = 134) for 6 years...

Renal carcinoma and immunotherapy

MUDr. Alexandr Poprach, Ph.D., MUDr. Radek Lakomý, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):54-57  

Although immunotherapy in patients with metastatic renal cancer is experiencing an unprecedented renaissance, the disease still remains incurable. The use of various checkpoint inhibitors and anti-tumour vaccines, however, leads to further prolongation of survival of patients with this condition. The results of phase III trials with the anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab are already available, with the next ones being eagerly anticipated. Moreover, enrolment has been completed for the phase III ADAPT trial in which a targeted therapy is combined with an anti-tumour vaccine; the results of the phase II trial with this therapy are very promising. The present...

Effect of vitamins, minerals, and trace elements on human health with a focus on the urogenital system. What are the risks involved in their deficiency or overdose? – 1st part

MUDr. Jiří Kladenský

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):58-62 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2017.014  

Abundant literature has been published on the effect of vitamins on the human body. Given the fact that some of the publications are produced by the manufacturers of food supplements themselves, these are frequently written in a tendentious way in order to persuade the reader of the necessity of taking such products, and their scientific validity is often biased. If we wanted to address the effect of vitamins in detail, even the entire issue of this journal would not suffice. Therefore, the review article presents, in a relatively brief manner, the fundamental facts for you, doctors-urologists, as a kind of reminder; and since a number of these...

New diagnostic options and prognosis prediction of urinary bladder cancer

MUDr. Milan Král, Ph.D., MUDr. David Hradil, MUDr. Šárka Kudláčková, MUDr. Aleš Vidlář, Ph.D., FEBU, doc. MUDr. Vladimír Študent, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):64-68 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2018.041  

High cancer recurrence is typical for urinary bladder tumors regardless of radically performed transurethral surgery. The explanation lies in genetic information of urothelial cells but also in unrevealing all malignant areas in the bladder during cystoscopy or transurethral resection. Diagnostic improvement can be reached by using new endoscopic techniques which precise resolution between normal and pathological bladder mucosa. Further improvement and individualisation of the therapy can be reached by prognostic markers analysis which can identify metastatic status of the disease e.g. by using circulating tumor cells dispite invisible metastasis on...

MRI targeted triopsy of the prostate – 1st part

MUDr. Šárka Kudláčková, doc. MUDr. František Záťura, Ph.D., MUDr. Zbyněk Tüdös, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):69-72 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2017.015  

Prostate cancer is very difficult to be identified by imaging methods. With the introduction of magnetic resonance imaging, and especially multi-parametric evaluation techniques sensitivity and specificity of tumor imaging increased significantly. Targeted biopsy builds on the ability of identification of tumor and the possibility of a targeted biopsy. Combination of these techniques significantly improves the diagnosis of prostate cancer by increasing the detection of clinically significant cancer and reduces the number of unnecessary biopsies.

Testosteron replacement therapy in daily urological practise

MUDr. Aleš Horák

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):73-76 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2017.016  

Currently, when there is a general increase in life expectancy, demands on improving its quality have increased. Low levels of testosterone in a man of a given age may be associated with subjectively perceived discomfort, sexual dysfunction and cardiovascular risk. Based on patient's subjective symptoms and testosterone levels, testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) may be initiated.

Adenomatoid tumor of epididymis

MUDr. Michal Šurík, MUDr. Jan Pokorný, FEBU, MBA, MUDr. Romana Badejová

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):85-87 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2017.019  

We present case of a 26 year old men, referred to our department with palpable well bounded mass localized into upper pole of left epididymis. The diagnosis was achieved by physical and ultrasound examination and was confirmed by histology findings after surgical excision. This kind of rare tumor belongs to a group of paratesticular tumors. We would like to demostrate, how important is to make the right differential diagnosis of intrascrotal lesions, precisely specify localisation, interface by radiology examination and in case of surgical treatment, choosing the proper surgical approach.

Heamorrhagic complication of the angiomyolipoma

MUDr. Jan Novák

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):88-90 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2017.020  

In our presentation we show a case of a young man with a renal tumor of common histological type and uncommon manifestation. Angiomyolipomas are benign renal tumors that may occur as an isolated finding or as a part of tuberous sclerosis. They are often detected incidentally by ultrasonography or computed tomography. Patients may experience sudden pain or hypotension due to massive haemorrhage within the lesions.

New prevention strategies of papillomavirus infections

RNDr. Jana Šmahelová, RNDr. Eva Hamšíková, RNDr. Ruth Tachezy, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):81-84  

Human papillomavirus which infect mostly mucosa are casual agents of cervical carcinoma and a part of a number of other male and female malignancies as well as number of benign manifestations. The authors summarize current available possibilities and prevention strategies of HPV infections and its clinical consequences, mostly new possibilities in prophylactic vaccination and in secondary prevention.

Cranberry in the prophylaxis of urinary tract infections in patients with multiple sclerosis and intermittent catheterization. A pilot placebo-controlled trial

MUDr. Aleš Vidlář, Ph.D., FEBU, MUDr. Eva Burešová, doc. MUDr. Vladimír Študent, Ph.D., MUDr. Miroslava Romžová, doc. MUDr. Miloš Broďák, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. Ján Švihra, PhD., doc. RNDr. Jitka Vostálová, Ph.D., prof. MUDr. RNDr. Vilím Šimánek, DrSc.

Urol. praxi. 2017;18(2):77-80 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2017.017  

In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), neurological deficit is manifested by a wide range of clinical complaints, including voiding dysfunction. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impair the quality of life of patients and may significantly affect the course of the disease. A pilot, randomized and placebo-controlled trial validated that a six-month course of 1.5 g (an equivalent of 75 g of fresh fruit) of the large cranberry daily had an effect on the quality of life and a possible reduction in the risk of urinary tract infections in patients with MS. However, a more extensive clinical trial is required to demonstrate the prophylaxis of UTIs with...