Urology for Practice, 2010, issue 6

Editorial

Slovo úvodem

MUDr. Michaela Matoušková

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 295

Review articles

The urinary incontinence in children - biofeedback treatment

MUDr.Zdeněk Dítě, FEAPU

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 299-301

Biofeedback represents a treatment option for incontinence of urine and voiding dysfunction characterised with poor relaxation or asynchronous activity of external urinary sfincter. It helps to improve coordination of detrusor and external sphincter function and accelerates voiding reflex maturation.

Complicated urinary tract infection

MUDr.Petr Macek, Ph.D., FEBU

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 302-307

Complicated urinary tract infection is linked with anatomical or functional abnormality of the urinary tract or with factors increasing the likelihood of onset or spread of infection, or treatment failure. Sometimes it is a single cause, but mostly it’s a combination of factors. The basis of the therapy is an appropriate identification of the source of infection, intensive antimicrobial therapy, management of possible urinary tract abnormality and a broad spectrum of supportive measures.

Physiotherapeutic approaches in conservative treatment for urinary incontinence

Bc.Romana Holaňová, doc.MUDr.Jan Krhut, Ph.D.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 308-309

Urinary incontinence is becoming a widely discussed issue among the lay and expert public. According to the current guidelines, conservative nonpharmacological therapy (physiotherapy) is the first-choice treatment for all types of less severe incontinence. Currently, there are several physiotherapeutic approaches. In the Czech Republic, the only standardized comprehensive approach to date is the therapy based on the so-called “Ostrava Concept” which, due to standardized diagnostic and therapeutic protocols, allows the effectiveness of the method to be assessed according to the principles of evidence based medicine. and biofeedback.

Benign testicular tumours - organ-preserving surgeries

MUDr.Pavel Kratochvíl

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 310-312

In this report we would like to point out benign tumours of the testis which are due to higher quality ultrasound more often findings in common urological practice. Testis sparing surgery (TSS) is one of the approaches in treatment of these lesions. Surgical revision must be performed via inguinal section as by radical orchiectomy with a perioperative frozen section. In the end we would like to present three case reports concerning testis sparing surgery due to benign testicular tumour.

Azoospermia and reproductive medicine

doc.MUDr.Jaroslav Zvěřina, CSc.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 313-315

An overview is given about contemporary opinions to azoospermia. Actually techniques of reproductive medicine stressed an importance of discrimination between azoospermia and cryptozoospermia. Genetic etiology used to be finding in 5–15 % of azoospermic men. Azoospermia could be a result of inflammation or injury of testicles. Serious lesions of the germinal epithelium of testicles could be a result of cytostatic therapy and/or radiation by oncological patients. Substantial part of cases of azoospermia remains unexplained. Relatively often (in up to 30 % cases of azoospermia) is possible to obtain viable spermatozoids from epididymis...

Diagnosis and treatment of congenital renal duplication in children

MUDr.Oldřich Šmakal, Ph.D.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 316-318

Complete ureteral duplication is a common developmental anomaly of the uropoietic system which, given the more complex embryonic development of both ureters, is frequently associated with reflux or obstruction not uncommonly resulting in severe upper urinary tract disease. The diagnostic procedure is mainly based on repeat ultrasound examination, static DMSA scintigraphy and voiding cystourethrography. The age of the child, symptomatology and the results of all investigations determine whether a conservative approach or operative reconstruction or ablation will be chosen.

Laparoscopic modified retroperitoneal lymph node dissection

MUDr.Marek Schmidt, FEBU, MUDr.Pavel Hanek, MUDr.Štěpán Veselý, Ph.D., MUDr.Pavel Dušek

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 319-322

Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) is among the methods used in the treatment of non-seminoma testicular cancers. It involves a complete or modified removal of the retroperitoneal lymph nodes, the site of the first metastases. Prior to the introduction of chemotherapy, RPLND was the only treatment method following radical orchiectomy. Particularly due to the challenging nature and numerous complications of classic open RPLND, adjuvant chemotherapy is the method of choice in non-seminoma testicular cancers. The introduction of a modified and nerve-sparing technique has reduced the rate of complications; however, open RPLND still remains...

Infrared thermometry and thermography of the genitalia

MUDr.Vladimír Kubíček, CSc.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 324-326

Infrared thermography of the scrotum was developed by Comhaire, et al. (1976) for the diagnosis of the varicocele. Following studies showing significant elevation in intratesticular and scrotal skin surface temperatures in patients with varicocele. In recent studies, scrotal thermography had the highest sensitivity and accuracy of the noninvasive methods for detecting varicocele. Thermography is a promising technology for the assesment of physiological sexual arousal in men and women. Temperature changes are specific to the genitals during the sexual arousal condition. Further development is the potential of thermography as a tool for the 1)...

Case report

Emphysematous pyelonephritis - a life treatening status

MUDr.Petr Hušek, MUDr.Miloš Broďák, Ph.D., MUDr.Jaroslav Pacovský, Ph.D.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 327-328

The aim of this case report is presentation of the successful treatment of the patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis (EP). EP is an acute necrotizing parenchymal and perirenal infection caused by gas-forming uropathogens. EP is a rare disease with a poor prognosis. The most common occurrence is in patients with diabetes mellitus or urinary tract obstruction. Treatment is based on early surgical emergency, broad – spectrum antimicrobial therapy, fluid resuscitation and glycemic control. The intensive care and metabolic support is mandatory.

Oncologic results of radical retropubic prostatectomy

prostatektomie provedené na Urologické

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 329-331

out on Urology Department of University Hospital Hradec Králové Radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) is the golden standard in a management of a localized prostate cancer. In individual cases RRP is suitable for the locally advanced prostate cancer. The authors performed the retrospective study aimed at oncologic outcomes from 489 patients who underwent RRP in period 1998–2009. The overall, cancer-specific and PSA relaps-free was 99 %; 99.5 % and 71 %. Ninety-nine patients had positive surgical margin and 119 had biochemical relapse. Moreover 19 patients underwent adjuvant radiotherapy for seminal vesicles infiltration or positive...

Traumatic renal artery occlusion

MUDr.Pavel Kratochvíl, MUDr.Filip Čtvrtlík, MUDr.Jiří Kozák

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 332-334

We present a young man case report, who was hit to epigastrium by a high weighty transom. He had traumatic oclusion of right renal artery by trombus. Angiography has failed as a first attempt of intraluminal revaskularisation. Unfortunately, open surgical revision with attempt of renal artery trombus extraction and reconstruction with gore-tex patch was again unsuccessful. We analyse ways of revascularisation.

Using of tissue glue in nephron sparing surgery

MUDr.Roman Staněk

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 335-337

Rising incidence of the small diameter kidney tumors T1N0M0 develop more frequent nefron sparing surgery. With development of the experiences with nefron sparing surgery the indications for kidney resection are expanded. The rising number of the resections of the kidney faciliate this procedure safer and more effective. We present case of the tumor resection of the solitary kidney with Floseal hemostatic tissue glue using. We want to describe this technic and follow the Czech literature experiences

For nurses

Comparing the work of a nurse at the inpatient department and in the operating theatre

Renata Slováčková

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(6): 338-339

I was inspired to write this article by my short-term stay in the operating theatre where I took the position of a circulating nurse. I otherwise work at an inpatient department. The aim of the article is to outline the job description of a nurse at the inpatient department and in the operating theatre, including the advantages and disadvantages of working in these positions.