Jak pečovat o pacienta, který nemá domov ?

MUDr. Libor Kvapil

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 59  

Role of immunotherapy in prophylaxis of reccurent urinary tract infection

MUDr.Ladislava Lyerová, CSc., prof.MUDr.Vladimír Teplan, DrSc.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 64-67  

Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a most frequent clinical problem affecting particularly women. Long-term use of antibiotic prophylaxis, although effective, has its limitations making search for alterative treatments an option. Our recommendation for the prevention of recurrent UTIs is to use herbal remedies containing cranberry products, D-mannose or nasturtium. Also effective is improvement of microbial microflora using both oral and vaginal probiotics. However, the most important role in the prevention of these infections is played by immunotherapy represented primarily by Uro-Vaxom. The efficacy of this product has been confirmed...

Genitourinary tract infections during pregnancy and breast-feeding

MUDr.Petr Macek, Ph.D., FEBU

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 70-74  

Changes of the urinary tract during pregnancy make patients prone to urinary tract infections. Their risks are the possibility of premature delivery and low birth weight. Active screening on pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria and its further treatment should become the unconditional standard, because there is a chance to decrease both risks. Cephalosporins of 1st to 3rd generation or penicillin antibiotics belong to main groups of antibiotics usable for the treatment of urinary tract infections in pregnancy or during breast-feeding are. Tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones and chloramphenicol are contraindicated. The treatment of asymptomatic...

Male hypogonadism - causes, diagnosis, treatment

doc.MUDr.Zdeněk Fryšák, CSc., MUDr.David Karásek, Ph.D., MUDr.Milan Halenka, Ph.D.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 75-77  

The following lines should give the reader into the problems and so revive the awareness with regard to male hypogonadism, to be able in their balance sheets to this diagnostic problem not only to think about, but also give assumption confirmed by commonly available laboratory methods. On the shoulders of other experts, whom the challenge concern (urologist, sexologist, endocrinologist, and geneticist) appropriately deep analysis of the patient troubles with the proposed treatment process including the possible practical implementation, should remain.

Absorbent products and skin care products used in incontinence

MUDr.Lukáš Horčička

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 79-80  

The article deals with urinary incontinence, its impact on life quality of disease ridden people. It illustrates the use of absorbent products. The author submits selection and prescription criteria of absorbent products including offer of hygiene products available at home product.

Molecular genetics and prostate cancer gene (PCA3) in diagnosing prostate cancer

MUDr.Kamil Belej, Ph.D., FEBU, MUDr.Ondřej Kaplan, MUDr.Oto Kőhler, CSc., MUDr.Jiří Kočárek, Ph.D.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 82-85  

Current dignosis of prostate cancer is based on digital rectal examination or testing of prostate specific antigen level in serum. Both methods have several shortcomings even if used in combination. Low sensitivity often leads to negative findings in prostate biopsy and need to repeat it. The only possibility how to overcome this unfavourable situation is to discover different methods of prostate cancer detection. One of the more recently used method is the detection of ribonucleic acid specifically expressed in cancer cells called prostate cancer gene 3 (PCA3). Based on available informations this method allows to predict positive biopsy result...

Preoperative management of the patient with pheochromocytoma

MUDr.Tomáš Zelinka, prof.MUDr.Jiří Widimský, CSc.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 86-89  

Pheochromocytomas and functional paragangliomas are catecholamine-producing tumors which present mostly with headache, sweating, palpitations, and hypertension and may develop serious cardiovascular complications. Biochemical testing for pheochromocytoma is mandatory in all subjects with incidentally discovered adrenal masses as prevention of adverse events during operation in case of undiagnosed pheochromocytoma or functional paraganglioma. Medical pre-treatment with alfa-adrenoceptor antagonists is essential for successful operation which is performed in most cases by minimal invasive surgery in such centers which have sufficient experience...

A satisified patient as an optimal goal of erectile dysfunction treatment

MUDr.Ondřej Trojan

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 90-93  

The paper mentions the basics of erectile dysfunction treatment, summarizes the experience of the first decade of existence of PDE5 inhibitors as well as addresses the expectations of patients and their partners as a factor relevant to satisfaction. The model of optimal combined approach is also outlined. The previously published facts are summarized and updated in order to provide a most accurate outline for everyday diagnostic-therapeutic use.

Differential diagnosis of urinary incontinence in children

MUDr.Oldřich Šmakal, Ph.D.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 94-96  

Nocturnal urinary incontinence after five years of age and daytime urinary incontinence after three to four years of age are currently considered to be lower urinary tract dysfunctions. Urinary incontinence in a child at an age when the contemporaries no longer wet themselves is a serious psychosocial and health problem which deserves correct diagnosis and treatment. The paper presents an overview of current terminology and diagnostic approach in children with urinary incontinence.

Antibiotic prophylaxis in urology

MUDr.Miloš Broďák, Ph.D., MUDr.Josef Košina, MUDr.Lukáš Holub, MUDr.Pavel Navrátil, CSc., MUDr.Miroslava Romžová, MUDr.Miroslav Louda, Ph.D., MUDr.Petr Kutílek, Ph.D., doc.MUDr.Richard Fiala, CSc., MUDr.Jaroslav Pacovský, Ph.D.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 97-100  

Antibiotic prophylaxis is an important measure aimed at reduction of infectious complications after urologic procedures. The goal of this prospective study is assessment of the efficacy, safety and cost of short-time antibiotic prophylaxis before planned urologic surgery. Cystoscopies, urodynamic examinations, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsies (ESWL) and scrotal surgeries were performed without antibiotic prophylaxis. Open, laparoscopic or endoscopic surgeries were carried out after one-day intravenous prophylaxis by cephalosporins. The short-term antibiotic prophylaxis was efficient, without adverse effects, and could be applied at low...

The differential diagnosis between the embolism of the renal artery and the renal colic

MUDr.Jaroslav Plachý, MUDr.David Ondra

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 101-103  

The clinical case of the embolism of the renal artery and the renal colic seems similar. The ultrasound exam with Doppler mode and angio CT exam are the crucial modalities for the differential diagnosis, which can preserve the renal functions before damage.

Papilocarcinoma of the urinary bladder in a 17-year-old-female smoker

MUDr.Michal Fedorko, MUDr.Miroslav Krhovský

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 104-105  

We present a case of an urothelial bladder tumour in a 17-year-old girl and describe clinical and pathological features of bladder cancer in young patients.

Truth telling about the health status

PaedDr.et Mgr.Eva Zacharová, Ph.D.

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 106-107  

Truth telling about the health status is an extraordinarily serious issue not only because of its impact on the patient's life so far, but also because it creates totally individual and specific communication situations. Communication with the patient is affected by changes in the social, physical, and mental areas. The nurse as a member of the healthcare team needs to have basic information on the patient's health status in order to not only support the physician, but also to assist the patient in coping with a difficult situation.

Adverse effects of medicinal products - why deal with them ?

MUDr.Jana Mladá

Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 108-109  

The risk of developing adverse effects can be associated with the administration of any pharmacotherapy. Adverse effects occur in 1.7 % to 6.7 % of hospitalized patients. Those occurring frequently can be and are studied in preregistration clinical trials. Yet, some adverse effects remain unrecognized at the time of registration. Thus, health care professionals become the key source of information on adverse effects following the introduction of a medicinal product in clinical practice. With their help, it is possible to identify drug-related risks that have not been described so far. Any suspicion of an adverse effect of a medicinal product...

Autodidaktický test 2/2010

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Urolog. pro Praxi, 2010; 11(2): 110