Urology for Practice, 2012, issue 3

Editorial

Práva a povinnosti lékařů

doc. MUDr. Jiří Šimek, CSc.

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 95  

Review articles

Innovation in the treatment of castration - resistant prostate cancer

MUDr.Otakar Čapoun

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 101-110  

Prostate cancer is one of the most serious topics of current urology. Up to 20 % of patients reach a phase resistant to antiandrogen therapy despite castration levels of testosterone. Docetaxel-based cytotoxic therapy then follows in the first line, with further progression new drugs are available, however their price often exceeds an expected benefit with regards to the prolongation of the overall survival. The patients have the opportunity to enter numerous clinical trials, however the participation in these protocols can be very demanding. The aim of the management of castration-resistant prostate cancer must be to ensure an adequate quality...

Biological treatment of renal cell cancer

MUDr.Milada Zemanová, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 111-116  

The basis of treatment for localized renal cell carcinoma is surgery. The treatment of advanced and metastatic stages is based on systemic therapy in combination with cytoreductive local approaches. Cytokines, used in the past, may currently be beneficial for patients in a good prognostic group, but molecularly targeted biological treatment, mainly directed at key points of the defective VHL/HIF pathway, showed significantly better efficacy in patients of all prognostic groups with prolonged survival compared to interferon alpha. Currently tyrosinekinase receptor inhibitors for angiogenic growth factors, sorafenib, sunitinib and pazopanib,...

Use of botulinum toxin in urology

MUDr.Miroslava Romžová

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 117-118  

Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxin produced by anaerobic genus Clostridium. In the past it was one of the most feared poisons. Now is widely studied in medicine and used in more than 250 indications. In addition to ophthalmology, aesthetic surgery, gastroenterology and neurology with its positive effects are also used by urology. Most often it is the treatment of neurogenic and non-neurogenic detrusor overactivity of the bladder. In smaller extent it is used also for other indications. In addition to its undeniably positive effects but it is necessary to think of serious side effects.

Erectile dysfunction and food supplements

MUDr.Radim Uzel, CSc.

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 119-120  

Occasional or long-lasting erectile dysfunction affects the majority of the male population. Although effective drugs represented by phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors are currently available, food supplements remain an important part of the therapeutic spectrum. The paper lists seven most commonly used natural substances in the Czech Republic that have been shown to positively affect erectile readiness. These substances used in various combinations actually represent the first therapeutic step independent of prescription by a specialist. Thus, using food supplements is not some kind of obsolete therapeutic approach, but it is fully applicable...

Comments

Komentář k článku dr. Bajčiové „Nádory ledvin u dětí, adolescentů a mladých dospělých. Rozdíly v biologii napříč věkovým spektrem“ Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(2): 70-74.

MUDr. Viktor Eret, Ph.D.

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 138  

Case report

Intolerance to spasmolytic drugs in OAB treatment

MUDr.Martin Petzel, Ph.D., MUDr.Marcel Gärtner

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 122-124  

This case report demonstrates achievement of satisfactionary effect of therapy in patient with intolerance of previously used anticholinergics. Anticholinergics often present severe side effects which can limit their usage such as xerostomy, obstipation, dyspepsia, acomodation disorders etc. The OAB therapy is recently influenced by newly developed drugs with prolonged release which are characterized by reduction of incidence of adverse side effects.

Urethral stricture as a cause of secondary bladder overactivity

MUDr.Martin Petzel, Ph.D., MUDr.Marcel Gärtner

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 125-126  

This case report demonstrates the treatment of secundary induced overactive bladder (OAB) by the subvesical obstruction caused by urethral stricture. Major treatment effect was achieved by surgical treatment of subvesical obstruction in combination with subsequent administration of uroselective spasmolytics.

Is stone density on CT examination a predictive factor for chemical composition?

MUDr.Jan Fogl, MUDr.Vladimír Šámal, MUDr.Jan Mečl, MUDr.Josef Šulc

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 127-129  

Introduction: Today’s modern methods of diagnosing urolithiasis mainly utilize spiral CT examination. In addition to common morphological data, it is possible to determine stone density by means of the examination. The paper deals with a possible correlation between stone density and its chemical composition. Material and method: The authors present a retrospective review of outcomes of the chemical composition of stones in 154 patients from two centres who underwent surgical treatment for urolithiasis or spontaneously passed stones in their urine. In all patients, data on stone density were obtained from CT examinations performed at...

Angiomyolipoma and multicytic nephroma - frequent and rare type of benign renal tumor

MUDr.Jaroslav Kaňa

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 130-132  

One sixth of all renal tumors are benign. The previous classification to epitelial and mesenchymal tumors is nowadays remade to the latest 2004 WHO Classification of the Renal Tumors of the Adults. The author presents two cases – frequent angiomyolipoma of epitelial origin and quite rare multicystic nephroma of epitelial and mesenchymal origin.

For nurses

Blood culture

Vladislava Šenkýřová

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 135-136  

Blood culture is a microbiological culture of blood to detect the presence of bacteria, involving a pair of anaerobic and aerobic blood culture bottles filled during a single venipuncture.

Law in practice

Noncompliance and its legal aspects

JUDr.MUDr.Lubomír Vondráček, JUDr.Jan Vondráček

Urol. praxi, 2012; 13(3): 137  

The authors deal with the legal issues brought about by providing health care to noncompliant patients and with their possible solutions.


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