Urol. praxi. 2019;20(1):19-24 | DOI: 10.36290/uro.2019.001

Hematospermia

doc. MUDr. Jozef Marenčák, PhD.

Bratislava

Hematospermia, or hemospermia (HS), is defined by the presence of blood in ejaculate. It is usually an isolated symptom; however, it can present in association with hematuria, dysuria, and/ or scrotal pain. It often invokes considerable anxiety and is frightening to the patient. A single episode of HS is usually considered benign and the risk of malignancy is low. HS remains a symptom that is difficult to treat, especially if it is recurrent or persistent in nature. The patient´s age, recurrens of HS, and associated urinary symptoms, e.g. hematuria, can influence decisions for further diagnostic evaluation of affected man. A complete history, physical examination, laboratory testing, and variety of invasive and non – invasive imaging and instrumentation (endoscopic) modalities can help to identify and treat the underlying pathology and causes of HS promptly. The aim of this article is to review the causes, modern diagnosis and management of HS.

Keywords: hematospermia, etiology, diagnosis, therapy

Received: January 8, 2019; Accepted: January 22, 2019; Prepublished online: January 22, 2019; Published: March 18, 2019  Show citation