Urolog. pro Praxi, 2004; 5: 210-213

Lymfokéla po transplantaci ledviny

MUDr. Jaroslav Pacovský
Urologické klinika FN a LF UK Hradec Králové, Regionální transplantační centrum Hradec Králové

Keywords: lymphocele, kidney transplantation, complication.

Published: December 31, 2004  Show citation

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Pacovský J. Lymfokéla po transplantaci ledviny. Urol. praxi. 2004;5(5):210-213.

Lymfokéla je pseudocystický útvar vyplněný lymfou, který se může vytvořit v blízkosti transplantované ledviny. Její incidence po transplantaci ledviny dosahuje až 41 %. Na vzniku se podílí řada faktorů - operační technika, imunosuprese, rejekční epizoda či další medikamentózní terapie. Klinický obraz je velmi variabilní - od zcela asymptomatického průběhu až po selhání štěpu. V diagnostice suverénně slouží sonografické vyšetření, aspirace obsahu tenkou jehlou a v případě potřeby je možné využití CT. U malých a nekomplikovaných lymfokél lze v léčbě použít prostou aspiraci, perkutánní sklerotizaci, případně zavedení zevní perkutánní drenáže. U větších lymfokél je indikována operační léčba, při které se zajistí vnitřní drenáž do peritonea, pro kterou je preferován laparoskopický přístup.

LYMPHOCELES FOLLOWING KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATIONS

Lymphocele is a pseudocystic formation full of a lymphatic fluid developing close the transplanted kidney. The incidence at the kidney transplantated patients can reach 41 per cent. There are many risk factors for its development - the kind of operation aproach, the immunosupressive therapy, the acute rejection episode or the other used medicaments. The clinical picture is very variable - from the asymptomatic course to the graft failure. Ultrasound investigation is the best method to make diagnosis, fine needle aspiration and if necessary computed tomography can be used. The simple ultrasound guided needle aspiration, percutaneous sclerotisation or external percutaneous derivation can be useful for small not complicated lymphoceles treatment. The surgical methods are derminated for large lymphoceles only. To make the internal lymphatic fluid derivation to the peritoneal cavity is goal of the surgical treatment. If it´s used, the laparoscopic aproach is prefered.

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References

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