513
www.urologiepropraxi.cz3408040010765133201214261288335354403453471515565592639689716757797816832872911
/36418040010732
Urol.3718804001075682129149164
praxi.3902804001075077118158177193
2025;26(1):35-384115804001074487128172185229272295335353367412453481522565
/47258040010732
UROLOGIE48028040010757104166209269328349392
PRO5216804001074591153
PRAXI5391804001074591148201221
3556558020012657113
VE5028200012667125
ZKRATCE5175200012658126191263317378436
Diferenciální44763600106375586118153185227262279319350392409
diagnostika49013600106375595133174214247280298333375
hematurie529236001063870125166194235271288320
Diferenciální34092002981672323144395306557959029661091115512941358
diagnostika17469200298143208332471610747848935100011281255
hematurie304992002981412664725976828219119741099
MUDr.3401320013793168245287310
Eva6721320013759116174
Myslivečková,8681320013793151198228258317373423483545602660689
prof.15791320013766108172210235
MUDr.18371320013793168245287310
Ivan2169132001373190147212
Rychlík,24031320013765124172237267297359390
CSc.,28161320013765124174204233
FASN,30721320013758125185261291
FERA,33851320013758115182256287
FISN3694132001375888148224
Interní340148001332687122176211272297
klinika661148001335178103163188239293
3.977148001335678
LF10781480013352105
UK12061480013371131
a13601480013353
FNKV,14361480013354124183248264
Praha1724148001335892145206258
Hematurie3401990012165116199248280335367391441
patří7991990012157106138170194
k10111990012147
příznakům1076199001215789113156211259306361444
onemocnění15381990012155110161244300345400451506529
ledvin2085199001212474131180203259
a23621990012148
močových24281990012183138184237284335379434
cest.2880199001214594133167188
Je3086199001213788
důležité31921990012156111134184227251284333
hematurii35431990012155106189237340213001213387120143166
prokázat524213001215689143190239282331364
a9052130012148
zároveň971213001214392124178225274329
posoudit13182130012156112151206261317340373
její170821300121247498121
intenzitu1847213001212378110159214257280313367
a22322130012148
původ.22982130012156111159213269290
Hematurii26062130012165115198246278333365388411
rozdělujeme3035213001213287128184234257312335385468518
podle35712130012157112169192242
kvantity340227001214798147202234257290340
na7082270012156104
makroskopickou8402270012184132179213267307353407464488532579633688
a15562270012148
mikroskopickou,16332270012183106153187242281327381438462507553607662683
podle23442270012157113170194244
původu26162270012157113161215272327
na29712270012156104
glomerulární3103227001215679134218269302357380428461517540
(při3671227001212885118141
primárních340241001215688111192239270324347390444
a8002410012148
sekundárních864241001213988134188242297344375430452495549
glomerulonefritidách)1429241001215578132213263294348371425479528557589612644666721768811865889
a23352410012147
neglomerulární23992410012155104159182235317366398452475521553607629
(při3045241001212883115137
onemocněních31992410012154108157239293337391440494516559613
postihujících3402550012156111149182204258312335357401423467521
parenchym8772550012157104136185239283337381464
ledviny1358255001212372128176199253297
kromě1672255001214680133215264
glomerulů,1953255001215578132214264296350373426446
postrenálních24162550012156111149182214262317364387440463506560
nebo29932550012155104160215
extrarenálních3225255001214995130162209241290344391414468490534587
příčinách).340269001215689112156178233280324379404422
Mezi7792690012180130173196
onemocnění9922690012155110159242297342396446501523
způsobující1533269001214298153192246303357381403447470
hematurii20202690012155105188235267322354377399
patří24372690012156104136168191
i26462690012123
závažné2686269001214392138186229283333
či3036269001214567
rychle3121269001213282125179202252
progredující339126900121568814219823028033639034028300121244792115
stavy,480283001213973122168219235
které740283001214782132165214
vyžadují979283001214899144193250305328352
rychlou1355283001213383127182206261316
diagnostiku1696283001215679127183238294333367390436492
a22122830012148
intervenci2285283001212379111160193244293349394417
buď27272830012156112169
cestou2921283001214594133167221277
urologa,3222283001215588142166222278326347
nebo35942830012155106163219
nefrologa.3402970012155106136169224248303360408429
Proto790297001215385139172226
je1038297001212474
správná1133297001214096129178224281329
diferenciální1483297001215679109159192241297342365413436491514
diagnostika2019297001215679127183238293333367390436485
hematurie25262970012155106189237270325357381431
zcela2978297001214388137161208
zásadní.3208297001214292131180237292315336
Klíčová340313001246190118163220272325
slova:686313001244371129181234260
hematurie,9673140012155106190238270325358381431451
glomerulonefritida,1439314001215680135219269302357381436492542572605629662685741789811
diferenciální2271314001215679109159192241297342365413436491514
diagnostika.2807314001215679127183238294333367390436486507
Hematuria3403390012469122209263299358397424477
–8373390012450
differential908339001245987122159212251304364400429482510
diagnosis1438339001245987140199258316360387431
Hematuria3403560012164114195242274327359382428
is785356001212361
a8623560012148
symptom927356001213985168223255308390
of1334356001215482
kidney1432356001214771126180229274
and17233560012147101157
urinary1896356001215586109163209241290
tract2203356001213264111155189
disease.2409356001215578115164211249298318
It2743356001212456
is2816356001212360
important28933560012123105160214246281329383414
to3324356001213285
prove3426356001215688141187235
the3678356001213286135
presence340370001215789139178228284328377
of735370001215483
hematuria8363700012155105188236269323355379426
and12803700012148103159
at1457370001214880
the1555370001213388138
same1710370001214089171221
time1949370001213356139189
assess2156370001214886125175215253
its242737000121245697
intensity2541370001212479111160215253276309358
and29173700012148103159
origin.3094370001215587111166189244265
Hematuria33773700012165115198246278333365388436
is340384001212361
classified418384001214467114152190212241266315371
by8063840012157102
quantity9253840012156109156211242264297345
into1287384001212478109162
macroscopic14663840012182130173205259297341394450473516
and19993840012148102158
microscopic,21743840012182104148180233272316368424447491512
and27033840012147101157
by28773840012156101
origin2995384001215587110164187241
into3253384001212377109162
glomerular3432384001215578132214264296350340398001212472104
(in470398001212951106
primary603398001215790113196245277327
and9573980012148103160
secondary1143398001214090136190245302350382433
glomerulonephritis)1602398001215679135218269302357380436491542599655687711744767806831
and24593980012148103160
non-glomerular26453980012156111167199257281336420470503558582630662
(in3334398001212850106
diseases3466398001215780118169217256306346
affecting340412001214776107156201235257311366
the723412001213286136
kidney875412001214771126180229275
parenchyma11664120012156104136184239282336381463510
other1693412001215486140189221
than1931412001213286133187
glomeruli,2135412001215577131213262294348371393413
postrenal25654120012156110149182213262316363385
or2967412001215486
extrarenal3070412001214996130162209241290344391413
causes).3500412001214492145183232271295312
Diseases340426001216791130181229269320360
causing728426001214594149189212267324
hematuria10814260012155106190239272327360384432
also1542426001214872111166
include1737426001212479125148203260311
serious2077426001213990123147203258298
or2403426001215689
rapidly2520426001213382139163220244292
progressing2840426001215891146203236286326365388444501
conditions3369426001214599156213236269293348404443
that340440001213388136169
require532440001213383140195218250300
prompt856440001215790144228285318
diagnosis1197440001215780128184239294333356395
assessment1616440001214887126176216255338389444477
and21164400012148104160
intervention,2300440001212379111160193244293349381404459515536
either2859440001215074107162213245
by31284400012157103
a32554400012148
urologist3327440001215587142166221278301340374
or3724440001215588
a3404540012148
nephrologist.4084540012155106163219251306330385442465504537559
Therefore,9864540012150106157190239269324357407427
the1432454001213388139
correct1591454001214498131164214259295
differential1905454001215780109142192225275330363386434457
diagnosis2382454001215679127183238293333356394
of2796454001215584
hematuria29004540012155105189237270325357381428
is3348454001212362
essential.3430454001215089129179235267290338361382
Key3404710012461113164
words:5254710012476133171231275301
hematuria,8474710012155106190238270325358381429450
glomerulonephritis,1318471001215680135218269302357381436491542599655687711744767806827
differential2166471001215680109141192225274330362385433457
diagnosis.2644471001215679127183239294333356395416
DEFINICE4015070011464117169199266296353406
Erytrocyturie400526001094473119152182231273318351401431452498
je923526001092268
definována1016526001095197124148198248291335385429
jako1470526001092266108157
přítomnost1653526001095181102132182257308358393424
erytrocytů2103526001094575121154183233274319353402
v25315260010943
moči.26005260010975125166187206
Hematurie28325260010958105180224254304333355400
je3258526001092268
zjevná3351526001093960106149200244
přítomnost3621526001095181102400538001093079154205255290321
krve740538001094273120164
v9235380010944
moči.9865380010975125166187206
Hranice1211538001095989133183204245289
mezi15195380010975121161182
oběma17205380010950101148223267
symptomy2006538001093579155207237286362403
je2428538001092268
neostrá.2515538001095095146182212242286306
DIAGNOSTICKÝ401572001146494158221288356409462492549610672
VÝZNAM10925720011461122178245309389
Hematurie4005910010959105181225255305334356402
patří827591001095296126156177
k10305910010942
příznakům1098591001095181103142192236279329404
onemocnění15285910010950100146222272314364410461482
ledvin2035591001092268120164186236
a22975910010943
močových23665910010975125167216259305345395
cest.2786591001094186122153172
Je2984591001093379
důležité30895910010951100122168207229259304
prokázat3418591001095282132175220259305334
přítomnost400603001095181103133182257308357393424
erytrocytů844603001094676121154184233275320353402
v12676030010943
moči13316030010975125166187
a15386030010944
zároveň1602603001093984113163206250301
posoudit19236030010951102138188238289310341
intenzitu2284603001092171101145196235256286336
erytrocyturie2641603001094575120153183233274319352402431453498
a31606030010943
její322460300109226789110
patogenetický335560300109519512517422527132136740061500109305191134179
původ5986150010952102146195246
(1).86361500109266888105
EPIDEMIOLOGIE4016500011450107137204257338369437488555621652705
Validní400669001095193115136188239260
epidemiologická686669001094598120172218294316366389439491513554597642
data1354669001095195125170
týkající1550669001093076119164186208249270
se1846669001093683
výskytu1955669001094390126169215248299
hematurie2280669001095096173217247297327349396
globálně2701669001095173124176221243293339
v30666690010944
populaci31366690010951103155206228272313334
nejsou3496669001095197119155206257
k4006810010943
dispozici,469681001095172108160211250272313334354
ale848681001094466112
přesněji986681001095282128164215261284305
definované1317681001095198125149200251294339390436
vzorky1779681001094485135166209255
populace20606810010952103156206228272314359
byly2445681001095194117160
celkem2631681001094186108151196273
podrobně29306810010951103155185235288339385
zkoumány.3341681001093982132183259303354396411
Prevalence400693001094978124169214236282334376421
asymptomatické847693001094481125203255286336413458488510552595640
hematurie1513693001095198175220250301331353400
u19396930010950
dospělých20166930010951102139191238261305346397
je2439693001092269
udávána25346930010950103147190235286331
jako2891693001092267110160
značně3077693001093991135177228274
variabilní,3378693001094489119141185238260282333355374
v4007050010943
závislosti462705001093984126148183205255290321342
na823705001095094
různých936705001092980119169210250300
situacích,125570500109365787137180221242283333352
pohlaví,16267050010951102152174217259281300
věku1945705001094388131181
atd.2145705001094373123143
kolísající2307705001094291113134169213235256297318
mezi26447050010975121160182
0,2–162845705001094664112156197239
%30957050010971
(1).318670500109256787104
ZÁKLADNÍ4017390011453117178228293359425456
ROZDĚLENÍ8777390011455123178245298349401468499
Kvantita400758001094988132182211232262307
(„kolik“)722758001092660103152173194236271299
–10377580010945
makrohematurie10987580010973120161190236285326398445473520549569610
–17247580010945
viditelná1785758001094365116137167211233283326
prostým2127758001095181130166197241317
okem2460758001095092136212
versus2688758001094387117154203238
(vs.)2942758001092567102122147
mikrohematurie3105758001097393134163210258299372419447494522543584
–37087580010945
zobrazitelná400770001093988140170214253275305350372422465
pouze8847700010951102152191237
při1140770001095181102
mikroskopickém1261770001097697139170220255298346398420460503547623
vyšetření1903770001094389125170201230276326347
močového22697700010975125167215258303353403
sedimentu.2691770001093682134155230276326356406425
DECLARATIONS:4070201008648871301662142563043393604124625014571201008514
Declaration406921500874987120141179206244271291333375
of445821500874066
originality:45382150087406888130150192230251271298337356
The406922600853473109
manuscript418922600855891130168195227249266306329
is452922600851744
original45842260085386178117133172205222
and481722600853472112
has49402260085387299
not50512260085387699
been516222600853975110149
published532322600853977117134150177216251291
or406923700853862
submitted414623700852867108167184208234269310
elsewhere.44712370085355381117169209245269305320
Ethics406925100873764107127160192
approval427525100873780123150192229267288
and457725100873779122
consent471325100873173115146184227253
to498025100872667
participate:506225100874180107135156188209252290317355374
The406926200853575111
authors42002620085347397137176200229
attest44492620085345883119147172
that46412620085236297120
their47812620085236399117140
study49412620085285292132166
is512726200851745
in519126200851756
compliance526726200853270130170188205239279311347
with40692730085526993133
human421727300853978138172212
studies44452730085275291132149185214
committees467427300853270130189206230256291328356
and504627300853473114
animal51762730085347390149184201
welfare539327300855287105126161185221
regulations406928400852461103144163199224242283325354
of444628400854062
the453128400852465103
authors’465728400853576101142183209239256
institutions49352840085175988114132157199224242283325354
as531228400853565
well539928400855491110128
as555028400853464
with40692950085526993133
the42222950085236299
Food434029500853573113154
and451429500853473114
Drug464829500854771111151
Administration481929500854283142159199216244268292327351368407447
guidelines,52862950085397996136173190207247283312328
including40693060085175791109149190208249290
patient438030600854177101119156197221
consent462230600853271112141178219244
where488630600855394131156193
appropriate.509930600853576119143183225250268304328365380
The550030600853577114
authors40693170085347397136176200229
also43103170085345179119
declare444131700854076109126160184220
that46733170085236397121
their48063170085246399117140
paper495931700853974115152175
is514731700851644
in520431700851656
accordance52733170085336597135159199234273306341
with40693280085527095135
the422432800852464101
World434532800856199124142183
Medical454832800855794136154187222240
Association480832800854474103143176194229253271311351
Declaration518032800854784118135171195230254272312353
of555332800853961
Helsinki406933900854684102131148189223242
on433133900853980
Ethical443133900853560100118151186204
Principles46563390085386179120153170212230267296
for49733390085216185
Medical507933900855794136154187222240
Research534033900853875104141177201234274
Involving40693500085175689127145179196236275
Human435735000854584143177216
Subjects458635000853473113130166198224253
adopted485135000853374113153177212253
by511635000853972
the52013500085236298
18th53113500085366993132
WMA5455350008559115159
General406936100854582122158182217234
Assembly432036100854373101137196237255289
in462636100851756
Helsinki,47003610085458299127144184217236251
Finland,49683610085345190108142182222238
in522336100851656
June529636100852666105141
1964,545536100853668106144159
with40693720085527095135
subsequent422537200852868109138175217257294334358
amendments,460437200853494131172213274311351375405421
as504637200853463
well512937200855389107125
as527437200853463
with53573720085537195136
the551337200852464101
ICMJE406938300851758114141176
Recommendations425738300853772104142201259294334373407430447485525552
for48213830085205982
the49153830085236297
Conduct,502438300854078117157195227252267
Reporting,530338300853773113152176201218256296311
Editing,40693940085347491115132172212227
and430939400853373113
Publication443539400853776117134151183218242259298338
of478639400853859
Scholarly485839400853467106146163198221239273
Work514339400856097121155
in531139400851656
Medical537939400855693134151183218235
Journals,406940500852665105129169203220249264
updated434840500853979120155178214255
in461840500851655
December468840500854783116152211252288312
2018.501540500853672106139155
Conflict406941900874282124149171191223251
of433541900874065
interest44144190087196288126154192224251
and467941900873779122
financial48154190087244587125167200220258279
disclosures:51084190087416293126147188220261289327359378
None.406943000854686126162177
Consent406944300874282124156194236263
for43464430087246693
publication:445344300874284127148168201239266286328370389
None.406945500854686126162177
Author’s406946800874687114157198226247275
contributions:435946800873172114141169189232274301322363405437455
None.406948000854686126162177
Cit.4069714008541588297
zkr:41817140085306489105
Urol.430171400864772113132150
praxi.446571400864167104140159177
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tisku:45057470085234068101141156
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ivan.rychlik@fnkv.cz40697780085165186125141165202233273290307340393415455489525538570602